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Clinical Potential of EEG and ERP for Pediatric Speech and Language Assessment: From Neural Signatures to Individualized Profiling
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Clinical Applications of Brain Mappin
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Presenter Author:
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Masume Shahidifar
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Author:
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Masume Shahidifar - Corresponding - Presenter
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| Affiliation 1:
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Department of Speech Therapy, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Abstract
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Original Research
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introduction :
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Speech and language assessment in children is primarily based on behavioral measures, which may not fully capture the neural mechanisms underlying individual differences in language processing and developmental trajectories. Electroencephalography (EEG) and event-related potentials (ERPs) provide non-invasive measures of brain activity with high temporal resolution and may offer complementary information about the neural processes supporting speech and language. Previous research has identified EEG spectral characteristics and ERP responses associated with speech perception, phonological processing, language comprehension, and subsequent language development
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Methods:
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A focused literature review was conducted to synthesize evidence on the application of EEG and ERP measures in pediatric speech and language processing and their potential clinical relevance. Studies examining resting-state EEG, speech- and auditory-evoked responses, longitudinal neural measures, and associations between electrophysiological markers and later language outcomes were reviewed. Particular attention was given to studies investigating individual variability and the potential use of neural measures to complement behavioral assessment.
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Results:
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The reviewed evidence indicates that EEG/ERP measures can provide information about neural processes that are not directly observable through conventional behavioral assessment. ERP components such as mismatch negativity and N400, as well as developmental changes in EEG spectral power, have been associated with auditory and language processing. Longitudinal evidence further suggests that early EEG characteristics can be associated with later language abilities. For example, longitudinal frontal EEG measures collected during the first two years of life were able to estimate variability in language outcomes at 24 months, with different brain–language associations observed across developmental risk groups. More recent evidence also suggests that EEG/ERP measures may contribute to the early identification of developmental learning difficulties, although methodological heterogeneity and limited replication remain important challenges.
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Conclusion:
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EEG and ERP measures show promise as complementary neurophysiological tools for pediatric speech and language assessment. Rather than replacing standardized behavioral evaluation, electrophysiological measures may provide an additional layer of information for characterizing heterogeneous developmental profiles and identifying individual differences in neural speech and language processing. Their integration with behavioral and developmental measures could ultimately support earlier and more individualized assessment and intervention planning. However, greater methodological standardization, larger longitudinal samples, and external validation are required before EEG/ERP biomarkers can be routinely implemented in clinical practice.
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| Attachment:
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| Keywords:
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Electroencephalography Evoked Potentials Speech Perception Language Development Disorders Communication Disorders
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| Key message:
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