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The Effect of the Menstrual Cycle on EEG Signals related to Resting Condition: An Effective Connectivity Study Using the Partial Directed Coherence
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1
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| Subject:
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Cognitive-Social Applications of Brain Mapping, such as talent identification, neuroleadership, and neurocognitive recruitment
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Presenter Author:
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| Name:
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Sepideh Toutounchi
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Author:
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| Name 1:
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Sepideh Toutounchi - Presenter
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| Affiliation 1:
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Department of Biomedical Engineering, CT.C., Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
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| Name 2:
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Nasrin Sho'ouri - Corresponding
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| Affiliation 2:
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Department of Biomedical Engineering, CT.C., Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
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Abstract
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Original Research
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introduction :
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Hormonal fluctuations across the menstrual cycle may influence the activity and coordination of brain networks; however, it is not yet fully understood how these changes affect interactions among different brain regions during the resting state. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of these fluctuations during the follicular and luteal phases of the menstrual cycle on resting-state brain connectivity under the eyes-closed condition.
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Methods:
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EEG signals were recorded and the flow of information between cortical regions was analyzed using directed connectivity measures, including Partial Directed Coherence (PDC) and Generalized Partial Directed Coherence (GPDC), in order to provide a more precise characterization of the direction and strength of neural interactions.
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Results:
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The findings revealed no significant connectivity in the delta and SMR bands, which may reflect the low involvement of networks associated with deep sleep and motor control under this condition. In contrast, in the theta and alpha bands, the pattern of information transfer was predominantly observed from frontal regions toward temporal and parietal areas, highlighting the more prominent role of the prefrontal region in guiding information flow. Furthermore, in the high-beta and gamma bands, increased bidirectional coordination was observed between frontal regions, which may indicate greater coherence of frontal networks during introspective states and higher-order processing. In addition, in some frequency bands, information transfer from parietal and occipital regions to the contralateral hemisphere was identified, suggesting the involvement of interhemispheric communication and visual processing even under eyes-closed resting conditions.
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Conclusion:
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Overall, the results of this study indicate that hormonal fluctuations during the menstrual cycle are associated with changes in the strength and direction of information flow among frontal, parietal, and occipital networks, and may influence the organizational pattern of the brain even in the simplest behavioral state, namely resting with eyes closed.
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| Attachment:
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| Keywords:
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Menstrual cycle; EEG; Effective connectivity; Partial Directed Coherence; Resting state; Eyes-closed.
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| Key message:
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